No. Acquiring another nationality is a ground for losing Azerbaijani nationality, and citizens who acquire one must declare it — failure to declare carries penalties. This is the same enforcement pattern as Kazakhstan.

Because the two countries' real populations have different shapes. Armenia's diaspora is dispersed worldwide and larger than its home population, so its law is written to bring them back. Azerbaijan has no diaspora of that kind — its largest external community lies in Iran immediately across the border and by most estimates outnumbers Azerbaijan's own population. Opening citizenship by descent in those circumstances is a wholly different political and diplomatic matter.

No. Residence tied to business investment at prescribed thresholds exists, but residence is not citizenship. If anyone merges the two and calls the result an investment-for-citizenship programme, ask by the legal name of what you receive.

The world's first mechanically drilled oil well is recorded in the Baku region in 1846, more than a decade before the Drake well in Pennsylvania in 1859. By the late nineteenth century Baku was the largest industrial oil field in the world, and around 1900 supplied approximately half of global output. The Nobel brothers and the Rothschilds both invested heavily there.

The State Oil Fund of Azerbaijan was established in 1999, receiving petroleum revenue separated from the recurrent budget, and together with Kazakhstan's it is one of the two largest oil funds in the post-Soviet space. Azerbaijan was among the first countries to reach EITI transparency compliance, but was later suspended and withdrew from the mechanism over a dispute concerning civil society operating space. Both halves are facts.

Both lack access to open sea, but Azerbaijan built pipelines in several directions, including routes through Georgia and Türkiye to the Mediterranean and the Southern Gas Corridor carrying gas to Europe. That gives Azerbaijan multiple customers and bargaining power, while Turkmenistan depends on essentially one.

A detached territory of Azerbaijan, not contiguous with the rest of the country but separated by Armenian territory, and bordering Iran and Türkiye. It is one of the few remaining exclaves in the world, and connecting it to the mainland is among the central questions of regional politics.

This is a genuine legal question, because the answer determines how seabed resources are divided and how navigation rights work. The five states concerned negotiated for more than two decades, and the 2018 Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea produced a bespoke regime, neither fully the law of the sea nor fully a lake regime.