Four concrete decisions: a 50-50 joint venture with the mining company so the state is a co-owner rather than a tax collector; renegotiating the arrangement on multi-year cycles rather than signing once for decades; establishing the Pula Fund in 1994 and applying a rule that mineral revenue funds capital spending only, not recurrent spending; and moving rough diamond sorting and sales to Gaborone.

No. It remains very heavily dependent on a single commodity and diversification has not achieved commensurate results; the diamond market has weakened markedly, partly through laboratory-grown diamonds; youth unemployment is high and income inequality is among the highest in the world; and the land rights of Indigenous San communities have been the subject of litigation and international concern for years.

At independence in 1966 it was among the poorest countries on earth, with only a few dozen kilometres of paved road nationwide. Diamonds were discovered soon after at deposits — Orapa and Jwaneng — that became among the largest and most valuable in the world, and today Botswana is an upper-middle-income country with among the highest long-run growth rates in the world since 1966.

High-value, low-volume — high reserve fees and limited accommodation capacity. The same principle as Bhutan's sustainable development fee and Rwanda's gorilla model: limiting numbers by price to protect the very thing visitors come to see.

It is a UNESCO World Heritage site and among the world's largest inland wetlands — a river flowing into the Kalahari desert and disappearing rather than reaching the sea.

The rules have changed between periods, so this must be verified directly with the competent authority at the time of filing rather than inferred from an article. Citizenship is chiefly by descent and naturalisation requires a long statutory residence period.

No. Categories existing in law include employer-sponsored work and residence permits, residence tied to business investment, and residence through marriage. Demand for specialists concentrates in mining, finance, healthcare and education.

Botswana once had among the highest HIV prevalence rates in the world. At the same time, its national response, including free antiretroviral provision from very early on, is assessed by international organisations as among the most effective in Africa. Both halves are facts.